图Ⅷ-2整体骨骼左前面观The skeleton. Left anterior view
1肋骨rib
2胸椎thoracic vertebra 3颈椎cervical vertebra 4颅骨cranium 5肩胛骨scapula 6肱骨hiimeius 7桡骨radius 8尺骨ulna
9掌骨metacarpal bone 10指骨digital bone 11腰椎lumbar vertebra 12髂骨ilium 13尾骨coccyx 14股骨femur 15髌骨patella 16腓骨fubula 17胫骨tibia
18跖骨metatarsal bone 19趾骨digital bone
图Ⅷ-3头骨背面The skull．Dorsal aspect
图Ⅷ-4头骨侧面The skull. Lateral aspect
图Ⅷ-5头骨腹面The skull. Ventral aspect
图Ⅷ-6下颌骨侧面The mandible. Lateral aspect
1枕骨occipital bone
2顶间骨interparietal bone 3矢状缝sagittal suture 4颧骨malar bone
5上颌骨maxillary bone 6前颌骨premaxillary bone 7枕外嵴external occipital creat 8顶骨parietal bone 9额骨frontal bone 10鼻骨nasal bone
11鼻间缝internasal suture 12前筛孔preethmoid pore
13蝶腭孔sphenopalatine foramen 14门齿 incisor tooth 15下颌骨mandible
16视神经孔optic foramen 17枕骨occipital bone 18茎突styloid process
19外耳道external acoustic meatus 20颞骨temporal bone 21 腭裂patoschisis 22臼齿molar tooth 23腭骨palatine bone
24翼孔pterygoid apertures 25破裂孔foramen lacerum 26枕大孔foramen magnum
27腭后孔posterior palatine foramen 28鼻后孔posterior nasal apertures 29卵圆孔foramen ovale 30鼓骨tympanic bone
31舌下神经孔hypoglossal foramen 32下颌联合mandibular symphysis 33颏孔mental foramen 34冠状突coronoid process 35下颌支ramus of mandible 36角状突process of horn 37下颌孔mandibular foramen 38翼肌窝pterygoid fossa 39髁突condylar process
图Ⅷ-7颈椎与胸椎背面The cervical 图Ⅷ-9前肢骨背面The bone of vertebra and thoracic vertebra.Dorsal aspect anterior 1imb.Dorsal aspect
图Ⅷ-8前肢骨外侧面The bone of anterior
limb. Lateral aspect
1枢椎axis 2第4颈椎4th cervical vertebra 3第6颈椎6th cervical vertebra 4第1胸椎1st thoracic vertebra 5第4胸椎4th thoracic vertebra 6寰椎axis 7第3颈椎3rd cervical vertebra 8第5颈椎5th cervical vertebra 9第7颈椎7th cervical vertebra 10第3胸椎3rd thoracic vertebra l1肱骨体shaft of humcrus 12桡骨radius
13尺骨ulna 14尺骨茎突styloid process of ulna 15掌骨metacarpal bone 16肱骨头head of hurnerus l7肘突cubital process 18腕骨carpal bone 19指骨digital bone
图Ⅷ-10股骨前面The femur. 图Ⅷ-11胫骨与腓骨前面The tibia Anterior aspect and fibula. Anterior aspect
图Ⅷ-12整体肌侧面观The muscles. Lateral view
1大转子greater trochanter 2股骨颈neck of femur 3第三转子third trochanter 4髌骨patella
5股骨头femoral head G小转子lesser trochanter 7股骨体shaft of femur
8股骨内侧髁medial condyle of femur 9外侧髁lateral condyle 10腓骨fibula 11外踝 lateral malleolus 12跗骨tarsal bone
13胫骨内侧髁medial condyle of tibia 14径骨粗隆tibial tuberosity 15胫骨tibia
I6内踝medial mallcolus 17跖骨metatarsal bone 18斜方肌trapezius muscle
19臀浅肌glutoeus super(icialis muscle 20股直肌rectus femoris muscle
21腹外斜肌external oblique muscle of abdomen 22背阔肌latissimus dorsi muscle
23肩斜方肌shoulder-trapezius muscle 24大圆肌teres major muscle
25肩三角肌shoulder-deltoid muscle 26前锯肌serratus anterior muscle
图Ⅷ-13整体肌背面观The muscles. Dorsal view
图Ⅷ-14整体肌腹面观The muscles. Ventral view
1锁骨提肌levator clavicle muscle 2肩三角肌shoulder-deltoid muscle 3肱三头肌triceps brachii muscle 4臀浅肌gluteus suferficidlis muscle 5股直肌rectus femoris muscle 6腓肠肌gastrocnemius muscle 7夹肌splenius muscle
8颈菱形肌rhomboideus cervicis muscle 9胸菱形肌rhomboideus pectoralis muscle 10背阔肌latissimus dorsi muscle
11腹外斜肌external oblique muscle of abdomen 12股二头肌biceps femoris muscle 13半腱肌semitendinosus muscle
14二腹肌前腹anterior belly of digastric muscle 15二腹肌后腹posterior belly of digastric muscle 16胸骨舌骨肌sternohyoid muscle 17肱二头肌biceps brachii muscle 18腹直肌rectus abdominis muscle
19股动、静脉femoral artery and femoral vein 20阴囊scrotum
21咬肌masseter muscle
22胸乳突肌sternomastoideus muscle 23肩三角肌shoulder-deltoid muscle
24桡侧腕伸肌extensor carpi radialis muscle
25指总伸肌extensor digitorum communis muscle 26尺侧腕伸肌extensor carpi ulnaris muscle 27胸浅肌pectoral superficialis muscle 28前锯肌serratus anterior muscle 29股内侧肌vastus medialis muscle 30耻骨肌pectineus muscle
31长收肌adductor longus muscle 32股薄肌gracilis muscle
图Ⅷ-15头、颈部侧面The head and neck. Lateral aspect
1颞浅动、静脉superficial temporal artery and vein 2眶上静脉supraorbitalvein
3面横动、静脉transverse facial artery and vein 4下颌缘神经marginalmandibular nerve 5面后静脉posterior facial vein 6面前静脉anterior facial vein
7颈外静脉external jugular vein
图Ⅷ-16口腔（1)The oral cavity（1）
1颞浅动、静脉superficial temporal artery and vein 2眶上静脉supraorbitalvein
3面横动、静脉transverse facial artery and vein 4下颌缘神经marginalmandibular nerve 5面后静脉posterior facial vein 6面前静脉anterior facial vein 7颈外静脉external jugular vein 8硬腭褶fold of hard palate 9臼齿molar tooth 10门齿incisor tooth 11软腭soft palate 12舌根root of tongue 13舌体body of tongue 14舌尖apex of tongue
图Ⅷ-17 口腔（2)The oral cavity (2)
图Ⅷ-18脑与脊髓背面The brain and 图Ⅷ-19脑与脊髓腹面The brain and spinal cord.Dorsal aspect spinal cordVentral aspect
1 喉口aperture of larynx 2舌根root of tongue 3舌尖apex of tongue 5软腭soft palate 7臼齿molar tooth 9嗅球olfactory bulb 1l绒球flocculus 1213腰膨大lumbar enlargement 15大脑cerebrum 1617脊髓圆锥courts medullaris 19脑桥pons 2021嗅束olfactory tract 23三叉神经trigeminal nerve
4硬腭褶fold of hard palate 6会厌epiglottis 8舌体body of tongue 10中央纵裂central longitudinal fissue 颈膨大cervical enlargement 14外侧纵沟lateral longitudinal sulcus
小脑（中央部）cerebellum (central part）18 脑垂体 pituitary gland 延髓 myelencephalon 22视神经optic nerve 图Ⅷ-20磁共振冠状面定位像（1)The scout view of coronal images（1）
图Ⅷ-21磁共振冠状面定位像（2）The scout view of coronal images（2)
1眼球eyeball
2嗅脑rhinencephalon 3大脑皮层cerebral cortex 4大脑镰cerebral faix 5鼻旁窦paranasal sinus 6纵裂longitudinal fissure
冠状面T1加权像，颞颌关节线圈， SE序列，层厚3.0mm，无间隔， TR=500rns，TE=20ms。 扫描方向：从背侧向腹侧。
图Ⅷ-22磁共振冠状面定位像（3）The scout view of coronal images (3)
图Ⅷ-23磁共振冠状面定位像（4)The scout view of coronal images (4)
图Ⅷ-24磁共振冠状面定位像（5)The scout view of coronal images (5)
1海马结构hippocampal formation 2中脑midbrain 3天幕tentorium
4额顶叶皮层frontoparietal cortex 5颞叶皮层temporal cortex G小脑cerebellum 7 颞骨lemporal bone 8脑桥pons 9舌tongue
10咬肌masseter muscle 11下颌骨mandible 12咽pharynx
图Ⅷ-25颈肌与胸肌（1)The muscle of neck and pectoral muscle（1）
图Ⅷ-26颈肌与胸肌（2）The muscle of neck and pectoral muscle (2)
1二腹肌前腹anterior belly of digastrc muscle 2胸骨舌骨肌sternohyoid muscle 3胸浅肌pectoral suferficialis muscle 4二腹肌后腹posterior belly of digastric muscle 5咬肌masseter muscle 6胸乳突肌stemomastoideus muscle 7淋巴结lymph nodes 8肱二头肌biceps brachii muscle 9桡神经radial nerve 10正中神经median nerve 11背阔肌latissimus dorsi muscle 12肩胛舌骨肌omohyoid muscle 13腋神经axillary nerve 14胸深肌pectoral profundus muscle
图Ⅷ-27腹肌The abdominal muscle
图Ⅷ-28胸、腹腔器官The organs in the thoracic and abdominal cavities
1腹直肌rectus abdominis muscle
2 股动、静脉femoral artery. femoral vein 3阴茎penis 4阴囊scrotum
5胸浅肌pectoral suferficialis muscle
6腹外斜肌external oblique muscle of abdomen 7股直肌rectus femoris muscle 8股内侧肌vastus medialis muscle 9耻骨肌pectineus muscle
10长收肌adductor longus muscle 11股薄肌gracilis muscle
12半腱肌semitendinous muscle 13咬肌masseter muscle
14胸骨舌骨肌sternohyoid muscle 15胸乳突肌sternomastoideus muscle 16肩胛横肌transverses scapulae muscle 17胸腺thymus 18心heart 19肺lung
20 膈diaphragm
21十二指肠duodenum 22空肠jejunmn 23 膀胱 urinary bladder
24二腹肌后腹posterior belly of digastric muscle 25脾spleen 26结肠colon 27回肠ileum
28股静脉 femoral vein 29前列腺prostate
图Ⅷ-29心腹面The heart. Ventral aspect
1右颈内动脉right internal carotid artery 2右颈外动脉right external carotid artery 3右锁骨下动脉 right subclavian artery 4右心房right atrium 5冠状沟coronary sulcus 6右心室right ventricle 7心尖cardiac apex
8左颈内动脉left internal cartoid artery 9左颈外动脉 left external cartoid artery 10主动脉弓aortic arch 11左心房left atrium 12左心室left ventricle
图Ⅷ-30心背面The heart. Dorsal aspect
3右锁骨下动脉 right subclavian artery 4右心房right atrium 5冠状沟coronary sulcus 6右心室right ventricle 7心尖cardiac apex
8左颈内动脉left internal cartoid artery 9左颈外动脉 left external cartoid artery 10主动脉弓aortic arch 11左心房left atrium 12左心室left ventricle
13肺动脉右支right branch of pulmonary artery 14肺静脉pulmonary vein 15前腔静脉precavalvein
16肺动脉左支left branch of pulmonary art 7tery 17后腔静脉postcaval vein
图Ⅷ-31左心房与左心室The left atrium and left ventricle
11左心房left atrium 12左心室left ventricle
13肺动脉右支right branch of pulmonary artery 14肺静脉pulmonary vein 15前腔静脉precavalvein
16肺动脉左支left branch of pulmonary art 7tery 17后腔静脉postcaval vein 18心中静脉 middle cardiac vein 19头臂动脉brachiocephalic artery 20主动脉弓aortic arch 21乳头肌papillary muscles
22左颈总动脉left common carotid artery 23左锁骨下动脉left subclavian artery 24右前腔静脉right precaval vein 25心外膜extracardium
图Ⅷ-32右心房和右心室The right atrium and right ventricle
4右心房right atrium 5冠状沟coronary sulcus 6右心室right ventricle 7心尖cardiac apex
8左颈内动脉left internal cartoid artery 9左颈外动脉 left external cartoid artery 10主动脉弓aortic arch 11左心房left atrium 12左心室left ventricle
13肺动脉右支right branch of pulmonary artery 14肺静脉pulmonary vein 15前腔静脉precavalvein
16肺动脉左支left branch of pulmonary art 7tery 17后腔静脉postcaval vein 18心中静脉 middle cardiac vein 19头臂动脉brachiocephalic artery 20主动脉弓aortic arch 21乳头肌papillary muscles
22左颈总动脉left common carotid artery 23左锁骨下动脉left subclavian artery 24右前腔静脉right precaval vein 25心外膜extracardium
26肺动脉pulmonary artery 27心内膜endocardiurn 28心肌层myocardium
图Ⅷ-33颈总动脉The common carotid artery
图Ⅷ-34主动脉弓The aorta arch
1舌动脉lingual artery 2甲状腺thyroid gland
3迷走交感神经链vagosympathetic chain 4颈外静脉external jugular vein
5颈总动脉common carotid artery 6锁骨下动脉subclavian artery 7无名动脉anonyma artery 8主动脉弓aorta arch
9颌外动脉external maxillary artery 10耳前动脉anterior auricular artery 11甲状腺上动脉superior thyroid artery 12颈动脉干carotiq trunk 13腋动脉axillary artery 14左心耳left auricle
15前腔静脉precaval vein
16面后静脉posterior facial vein 17面前静脉anterior facial vein 18臂神经丛brachial plexus
19胸外侧动脉external thoracicartery 20椎动脉vertebral artery
21肋颈动脉干costocervicaltrunk
图Ⅷ-35胸主动脉The thoracic aorta
1甲状腺thyroid gland
3颈总动脉common carotid artery 5无名动脉innominate artery 7后腔静脉postcaval vein 9颈动脉干carotid trunk 11腋动脉axillary artery 13椎动脉vertebral artery 15主动脉弓aorta arch 17胸主动脉thoracic aorta 19食管esophagus
2迷走交感神经链vagosympathetic chain 4锁骨下动脉subclavian artery 6前腔静脉precaval vein 8 膈 diaphragm
10臂神经丛brachial plexus
12胸外侧动脉lateral thoracic artery 14肋颈动脉干costocervical trunk 16肺动脉pulmonary artery 18肋间动脉intercostal artery
图Ⅷ-37腹腔器官（2）The organs in the abdominal cavity (2)
图Ⅷ-38腹腔器官（3)The organs in the abdominal cavity (3）
1肝右中叶right middle lobe of liver 2肝右外叶right lateral lobe of liver 3横结肠transverse colon 4大网膜greater omentnm 5空肠jejunum 6剑突xiphoid process 7肝左中叶left middle lobe of liver 8肝左外叶left lateral lobe of liver 9胃stomach 10脾spleen 1l脂肪fat 12肝liver 13胰pancreas 14结肠colon
图Ⅷ-39腹腔器官（4）The organs in the abdominal cavity (4)
图Ⅷ-40腹腔器官（5）The organs in the abdominal cavity (5)
1肝右中叶 right middle lobe of l iver 2肝右外叶right lateral lobe of liver 3小肠small intestine 4大网膜greater omentum 5结肠colon 6胸腺thymus 7肺lung 8心heart 9 膈 diaphragm l0肝左中叶left middle lobe of liver 11肝左外叶left lateral lobe of liver 12胃stomach
13脾spleen 14附睾epididymis 15睾丸testis 16阴茎penis 17股动、静脉femoral artery and vein
图Ⅷ-41腹腔器官（6)The organs in the abdominal cavity (6)
图Ⅷ-42胃The stomach 图Ⅷ-43胃壁内面The wall of stomach. Inner surface
1膈diaphragm
2前腔静脉precaval vein 3胸腺thymus 4肺lung 5心heart
6肾上腺adrenal gland 7肾kidney
8肾门静脉renal portal vein
9精索内静脉internal spermatic vein 10髂腰静脉iliolumbar vein 11膀胱urinary bladder 12十二指肠duodenum 13幽门pylorus
14胃大弯greater curvature of stomach 15食管esophagus
16胃底fundus of stomach
17胃小弯lesser curvature of stomach 18胃体body of stomach 19贲门pylorus
20胃粘膜皮区cutaneous part of gastric mucous 21胃粘膜腺区glandular part of gastric mucous
图Ⅷ-44空肠、回肠与盲肠腹面观The jejunum, ileum and cecum. Ventral view
图Ⅷ-45空肠、回肠与盲肠背面观The jejunum, ileum and cecum. Dorsal view
1空肠jejunum
2横结肠transverse colon 3升结肠ascending colon 4盲肠cecum
5腹壁浅动脉superficial epigastric artery 6隐动脉saphenous artery
7隐大静脉great saphenous vein 8肝liver 9胃stomach 10脾spleen
11降结肠descending colon 12 膀胱 urinary bladder
13尾中动脉middle coccygeal artery 14回肠ileum
15盲肠尖apex of cecum 16盲肠体body of cecum 17盲肠基部base of cecum
图Ⅷ-46生殖器官（♀）（1）The genital organs（♀）（1）
图Ⅷ-47生殖器官（♀）（2)The genital organs（♀）(2)
1小肠small intestine 2输卵管uterine tube 3脂肪fat 4胃stomach 5子宫角horn of uterus 6直肠rectum 7膀胱urinary bladder 8脾spleen 9子宫体body of uterus
图Ⅷ-50生殖器官（♂）（3）The genital organs（♂）(3)
图Ⅷ-51生殖器官（♂）（4)The genital organs（♂）(4)
1直肠rectum 2膀胱urinary bladder 3肾kidney 4脂肪fat 5精囊seminal vesicle 6前列腺prostate
7阴茎penis 8 附睾 epididymis 9精索spermatic cord
图Ⅷ-52生殖器官（♂）（5）The genital organs（♂）(5)
图Ⅷ-53腹主动脉及其分支The abdominal aorta and branches
1 直肠 rectum
2精囊seminal vesicle 3 膀胱urinary bladder 4前列腺prostate 5精索spermatic cord 6阴茎penis
7 附睾epididymis 8睾丸testis 9膈diaphragm
10后腔静脉postcaval vein 11腹腔动脉celiac artery
12肾动脉renal artery 13右肾 right kidkey
14前肠系膜动脉anterior mesenteric artery 15精索内动脉internal spermatic artery 16输尿管ureter
17髂腰动、静脉iliolumbar artery and vein 18髂总动脉common iliac artery 19贮精囊vesicula seminalis 20隐动脉saphenous artery 21食管esophagus
22膈下动脉inferior phrenic artery 23肾上腺adrenal glands
24肾上腺上动脉superior adrenal artery 25左肾left kidney
26后肠系膜动脉posterior mesenteric artery 27髂外动脉external iliac artery 28股动脉femoral artery
29腹壁阴部动脉干arterial epigastro-pudendal trunk 30输精管ductus deferens
图Ⅷ-56前肢内侧面The anterior limb. Medial aspect
图Ⅷ-57后肢内侧面(1)The posterior limb. Medial aspect（1）
1腋神经axillary nerve 2桡神经radial nerve 3头静脉cephalic vein 4正中神经median nerve 5正中动脉median artery 6肌支muscular branch 7尺神经ulnar nerve 8臂动脉brachial artery 9胸长神经long thoracic nerve 10胸外侧动脉external thoracic artery I1颈总动脉common carotid artery 12主动脉弓aorta arch 13左心耳left auricle 14右心耳right auricle 15食管esophagus 16胸主动脉thoracic aorta 17腹壁浅动脉superficial epigastric artery 18腹壁浅静脉superficial epigastric vein 19隐动脉saphenous artery 20隐大静脉great saphenous vein
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