人教版八年级上册英语语法
一、形容词的比较级和最高级(1)
1. 在英语中，在表示“比较…”和“最…”时，形容词要用特别的形式，称为“比较级”和“最高级”，原来的形容词称为“原级”：
原级 比较级 最高级
strong强 stronger较强 strongest最强
young年轻 younger较年轻 youngest最年轻
old老 older较老 oldest最老
clean干净 cleaner较干净 cleanest最干净
2、规则的形容词的比较级和最高级的构成：
1）单音节词和部分双音节词
①一般情况在词尾加er 或est . 如： small, smaller, smallest
②以e结尾的词, 加-r，-st 如： large, larger, largest
③以辅音＋y结尾的词, 变y为i，再加词尾 如： busy, busier, busiest
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④以重读尊闭音节结尾的词，而且末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写末尾一个辅音字母，再加er或est. 如：big, bigger, biggest
2）部分双音节词和多音节词的比较级和最高级的变化规则，在词前加more, most 原级 比较级 最高级
important more important most important
difficult more difficult most difficult
interesting more interesting most interesting
useful more useful most useful
3、不规则的形容词变化必须死记（好坏多少远老，共6个单词）
①good well 好 better best
②bad ill 坏 worse worst
③many much 多 more most
④little 少 less least
⑤far远 farther farthest (表示具体的距离)
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further furthest （表示抽象的）
⑥old老 older oldest （表示年龄的大小）
elder eldest （表示辈份的大小）
二、形容词比较级和最高级的用法。
1、两者之间的比较，常用比较级
结构为 “比较级+than”
Eg: ①His room is bigger than mine. 他的房间比我的房间大。
②She is younger than my sister. 她比我妹妹年轻。
(注意：在形容词和副词的比较级前，有时可以用much, a little ,even, a lot 等词来修饰)
Eg: I am a little heavier than him. 2.三者或三者以上的比较，用最高级
Eg: ①It is the largest island in Europe. 它是欧洲最大的岛。
②The Yangtze is the biggest river in our country. 长江是我国最大的河流。
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③It was the cheapest hotel we could find. 这是我们能找到的最便宜的旅馆。
3. 表示两者在某一方面相同时，用句型 “as +形容词或副词的原级+as”
Eg:①I think science is as important as math.
②Tom runs as fast as Jack.
4.表示一方在某一方面不及另一方时，用句型“not as +形容词或副词的原级+as”或“not so +形容词或副词的原级+as”
Eg: ①It isn’t so cold as yesterday ② Jack is not as old as Tom
Exercises:
一. 给出下面形容词的比较级和最高级：
1. bright______ ______ 2. fat _______ ______
3. lazy _____ ______ 4. safe ______ ______
5. heavy _____ ______ 6. wide ______ ______
7. high _____ ______ 8. close ______ ______
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9. long _____ ______ 10. dirty ______ ______
11. sad _____ ______ 12. brave ______ ______
13. beautiful _____ ______ 14. early ______ ______
15. interesting _____ ______ 16. delicious ______ ______
17. difficult _____ ______ 18.good ______ ______
19.bad _____ ______ 20. ill ______ _____
21.many _____ ______ 22.much ______ ______
23.little _____ ______ 24.far ______ ______
25.old _____ ______ 26.well ______ ______
二. 在空格中填入所给形容词的适当形式：
1. She is two year ___ than me. She’s the ___ girl in our class. (young)
2. Bill is ___ than Tom. He’s the ___ of the three children. (old)
3. John is the ___ boy in the class. (clever)
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4. Cairo is the ___ city in Egypt. (big)
5. Her bicycle is ___ than mine. (good)
6. My cold is ___ today than it was yesterday. (bad)
7. Tokyo is ___ from Beijing than from Shanghai. (far)
8. This question is ___ than the other one. (simple)
9. This street is ___ than Beijing Road. It’s actually the ___ street in the whole city. (narrow)
10. It is ___ in Hong Kong than in Kunming. (hot)
三、形容词和副词单项选择题
( )1. She is ________ than ________ .
A. busier / us B. busier / we C. more busy / us D. more busy / we
( )2. Jane is ________ than Betty.
A. less taller B. less tallest C. less tall D. not as tall
( )3. China is ________ country in the world.
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A. the third largest B. the largest third C. the third large D. a third largest
( )4. —Which is ____ season in Beijing? —I think it's autumn.
A. good B. better C. best D. the best
( )5. —Which is__________ , the sun, the moon or the earth? — Of course, the moon is.
A. small B. smaller C. smallest D. the smallest
( )6.The air in Beijing is getting much _____ now than a few years ago.
A. clean B. cleaner C. cleanest D. the cleanest
( )7. Mobile phones are very popular now and they are _____ than before.
A. cheap B. cheaper C. cheapest D. the cheapest
( )8.I study English as _______ as my brother.
A. hard B. harder C. hardest
( )9. Which is _____ , a bicycle or a computer?
A. expensive B. more expensive C. the most expensive
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( )10. The Yellow River is one of ______rivers in China.
A long B longer C the longest
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