高考语法填空专题练习
教学目标:
让学生了解高考语法填空的特点、解题步骤及解题方法。 教学重点难点：
高考语法填空的解题方法。 教学过程： Step 1 特点:
1. 200词左右的语篇，为短文或对话;
2. 共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分，所给做题时间为10-12分钟； 3. 有10处空白，部分空白的后面给出单词的基本形式；
4. 考察考生灵活运用语法知识的能力，如词性、时态、语态、主谓一致、名词单复数、连接词、代词、冠词等语法。 Step 2 解题步骤：
1. 通读全文，了解大意；2. 试填空白，先易后难；3. 重读全文，排除错漏。 Step 3 解题方法:
1. 确定空白的句子成分，如主语、谓语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语、状语、连接词等。
2. 确定词性，如名词，冠词，副词，形容词等。 3. 填写出正确的单词，注意首字母的大小写。 （一）只有空白不给单词的题目类型的解题方法 1. 在一个简单句子中间有空白不给单词的题目
解题方法：1.联系上下文； 2. 所填的词多为: 冠词（a/an， the），介词，代词，连词or，but，however等
E.g.1 Now, years later, this river is one of _63___most outstanding examples of environmental clean up. （2014年新课标I卷）
分析：one of _63___most outstanding 修饰名词examples作定语，outstanding为多音节词的形容词，其前面有most，故为最高级做定语，所以应填：“the”。 E.g.2 But the river wasn‟t changed in a few days __64____even a few months.
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分析：in a few days ，even a few months为两个并列的时间状语，且为选择关系。故应填“or”。 E.g.3 I got a place next ____64___ the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk. 分析： next ____64___ the window，作地点状语，考察短语固定搭配，故应填“to”。
2. 在两个句子中间有空白不给单词的题目
解题方法：先分析是并列句还是复合句。如果是并列句，判断两个句子之间关系，选择连词；如果是复合句，判断属于什么从句，选择好引导词。 （1）. 并列句：
表示并列，常用and, not only…but also…, neither…nor…, the，not …but…等连接。 The teacher‟s name is Smith, and the student‟s name is John. 表示选择，常用的连词有or, either…or…, otherwise等。 Hurry up, or you‟ll miss the train.
表示转折，常用的连词有but, still, however, yet, while等。
He was a little man with thick glasses, but he had a strange way of making his classes lively and interesting.
表示因果，常用的连词有so, for, therefore等。
（2）. 复合句：状语从句，定语从句，名词性从句等复合句。
E.g.1 There were many people waiting at the bus stop, ___62____ some of them looked very anxious and disappointed. （2014年新课标II卷） 分析：并列句→空格起连接作用→并列递进关系→and.
E.g.2 Maybe you leave a habit __67___is driving your family crazy. （2014年新课标I卷） 分析：复合句→定语从句→空格做主语→which/that.
E.g.2 I didn‟t understand 20_ this would happen and my credit card had already been charged for he reservation. （2014年广东卷）
分析：复合句→宾语从句→空格做状语→why
（一）空白且给单词的题目类型的解题方法
1.所给的单词是动词的，主要是考察动词作谓语，非谓语的语法知识； 解题方法：判断空格的句子成分，作谓语，要考虑时态，语态，主谓一致；作非谓语，则要考虑v-ing（主动，正在进行），v-ed(被动，完成)，to do/ tobedone等。
E.g.1 We 18__（tell）that our rooms hadn‟t been reserved for that week, but for the week after. 分析：时态：hadn‟t been reserved→过去时， 语态→被动语态，主谓一致→We，故应填：“were told” 。
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E.g.2 He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms. I heard a passenger behind me shouting
to the driver, but he refused ____66___(stop) until we reached the next stop. Still, the boy kept ____67___(ride). （2014年新课标II卷） 分析：refuse to do→to stop; keep doing→riding.
2.所给的单词是形容词的，主要是考察作状语，或形容词的比较级和最高级； 解题方法：作状语，把形容词转化成副词；
E.g.1 The river was so polluted that it ____62____(actual) caught fire and burned. （2014年新课标I卷）
分析：空格作状语→actually。 形容词的比较级和最高级。
Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is___66_____(clean) than ever. 分析：than→cleaner.
3.所给的单词是名词的，主要是考察名词的单复数及词性转换。
E.g.1 For most of us the___69_______(change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work. （2014年新课标I卷）
分析：空格做主语→词性：名词→are →复数→changes. （2014年新课标I卷） E.g.2 Just be 70 (patience) （2014年新课标I卷） 分析：空格做表语→词性：形容词→patient.
Step 4 练习及总结
第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix?
In 1969, the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River Cleveland, Ohio. It __61____（be）unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. The river was so polluted that it ____62____(actual)caught fire and burned. Now, years later, this river is one of _63___most outstanding examples of environmental clean up.
But the river wasn‟t changed in a few days __64____even a few months. It took years of work__65______(reduce ) the industrial pollution and clean the water. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is___66_____(clean) than ever.
Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you leave a habit __67___is driving
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your family crazy. Possibly you drink too much or don‟t know how to control your credit card use. When you face such an impossible situation, don‟t you want a quick fix and something to change immediately?
While there are ___68_______(amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the___69_______(change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. Just be 70 (patience) （2014年新课标I卷）
61. was 62. actually 63.the 64. or 65. to reduce 66. cleaner 67. That/which 68. amazing 69. changes 70. Patient
第二节 （共10分；每小题1. 5分，满分15分）
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（不多于3个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。 One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about __61___ (be) late for school. There were many people waiting at the bus stop, ___62____ some of them looked very anxious and ___63__(disappoint) . when the bus finally came, we all hurried on board. I got a place next ____64___ the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk. A boy on a bike ____65___ (catch ) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms. I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused ____66___(stop) until we reached the next stop. Still, the boy kept ____67___(ride). He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting. Finally, when we came to the next stop, the boy ran up to the door of the bus. I heard an excited conversation. Then the driver stood up and asked, “____68___ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?” A woman on the bus shouted, “Oh, dear! It „s ____69___ (I )”. She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully, Everyone on the bus began talking about what the boy had done, and the crowd of strangers ___70__(sudden) became friendly to one another. （2014年新课标II卷）
61. being 62. and 63. disappointed 64. to 65. caught 66. to stop 67. riding 68. did 69. me/mine 70. suddenly
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